SELF-EFFICACY IN MEDICAL EDUCATION: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Abstract

Self-efficacy is described as an important factor influencing human behavior, correlated with motivation and performance, so that its analysis is relevant in the context of education and, in this sense, the objective of the study was to make a systematic review of the literature on self-efficacy. in national and international medical education, in the last five years, with the purpose of analyzing the main factors that impact self-efficacy in this context. The PRISMA methodology was used, with a time frame from 2015 to 2020, using the combined descriptors: "self-efficacy" and "medicine", in 04 databases, in Portuguese, Spanish and English, with 20 studies selected. The main objectives addressed were separated into 05 categories: to analyze students' self-efficacy regarding the use of different teaching methodologies; to evaluate teacher self-efficacy in the use of active methodologies; to verify the correlation between self-efficacy and emotional factors in education; evaluate students' self-efficacy in a specific task and its correlation with performance and correlate self-efficacy, motivation and self-regulated learning. It was concluded that all studies qualified self-efficacy as an important construct to be analyzed in medical education, correlated with good emotional status, the development of learning strategies and greater performance, in addition to pointing out the impact of the type of feedback on the formation of self-efficacy. Regarding the teaching methodology, it was not possible to confirm which method is more favorable to the strengthening of self-efficacy, considering that other factors may be involved.