Impact of Technology Integration in the Classroom: Benefits, Challenges, and Strategies for Primary Education - A Systematic Review

Abstract

This systematic review examines the impact of integrating information and communication technologies (ICT) into the teaching-learning process in basic education. A total of 41 empirical studies were included, covering quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-method approaches across preschool, elementary, and secondary education contexts. Findings indicate that most ICT-based interventions had a positive impact on students’ learning, motivation, and development of digital competencies. Frequently used tools included simulators, virtual reality, digital platforms, educational apps, and interactive software. Reported benefits included increased engagement, improved academic performance, and enhanced cognitive and social skills. However, challenges such as lack of teacher training, limited technological resources, and insufficient institutional support were also noted. The review concludes that effective ICT integration requires teacher training strategies, adequate infrastructure, and context-aware educational policies.