Far beyond the sociological approach to the study of Bolsonarism

Abstract

Based on a systematic review of the literature on Bolsonarism in Brazil, the article focuses on sociological approach works that conceive the subject as a product of a new conservative subjectivity, as a collection of social identities, or as a social movement. Through nation-wide qualitative research conducted by the authors aimed at exploring the perceptions and behaviors of steadfast and repentant Bolsonarists, the article reveals several relevant aspects that condition the preference for Bolsonaro, such as the positions of his voters on issues such as corruption, public security, family, gender, and traditional values. The national survey also explores the political preferences of the participants as well as their information consumption habits. The article argues, however, that it is necessary to go beyond identifying the substantive adhesions of Bolsonarists to positions and values, and to look at the way they obtain information. The main hypothesis is that the greater nexus of Bolsonarism is its communicational sphere, which allows its adherents easy access to alternative versions of facts and narratives. The article concludes by reflecting on the limitations of sociological theses for understanding Bolsonarism and pointing out methodological deficiencies in the qualitative works of this field.