Reproducibility indicators in Brazilian audiology: a meta-science study

Abstract

Science faces a systematic context of low reproducibility. This scenario has the potential to drive the adoption of open science practices. However, adherence to these practices in Brazilian audiological research remains unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and temporal trend in the adoption of reproducibility indicators in audiology articles published in Brazilian journals. This is a cross-sectional, documentary metascience study that analyzed six reproducibility indicators in 250 empirical articles published in three Brazilian audiology journals between 2021 and 2025. The results partially confirmed the hypothesis of low structural adoption, with frequencies ranging from 0% to 13.6%. Although there was an increase in declarations and effective data sharing during the period, fundamental dimensions for research transparency remain neglected. Protocol pre-registration (0.8%), adherence to methodological recommendations (1.2%), open source availability (0%), and replication studies (0%) were virtually nonexistent in the period analyzed. There was a trend toward an increase in data declaration and sharing indicators. The development of initiatives for reproducing results and replicating study methodologies is recommended, following the example of other areas of health sciences. The promotion of editorial guidelines aligned with the principles of open science and the inclusion of open science literacy are relevant elements for the qualification of scientific production and communication practices.