Distance education: A review of the literature on online teaching and learning in the context of teacher education

Abstract

A COVID-19 pandemic (caused by the Sars-Cov2 virus) impacted education at all levels in several ways in Brazil. Institutions and teacher educators had to respond quickly to an unexpected and "forced" transition from face-to-face to remote education. Educators also have to create learning environments for teachers in training, preparing them in the light of the requirements of teacher training programs and the conditions in which trained schools operate. Thus, this article presents a review of the literature on online teaching and learning practices in teacher education. In total, there were 130 empirical studies. Online teaching and learning practices related to social, cognitive and teaching presence were identified. The results showed the need for a comprehensive view of the pedagogy of online education that integrates technology to support teaching and learning. As a result, studies for the development of online teaching and learning practices are discussed. Suggestions for future research are also examined, to serve as a basis for educational policies for the coming years.