Phenology of Sapotaceae of interest in the lower jungle of the Madre de Dios river basin

Abstract

Between January and August 2007, the genus Pouteria presented uniformity in button, flower and green fruit phenophases, with production intervals between 4 and 5 equivalent to 60 to 100% reproductive phenophase. The phenophase of ripe fruit was the lowest for this genus, but higher than the production of Manilkara and Micropholis with phenological values ​​of 2 of production. For Manilkara and Micropholis, the production is not uniform considering the high difference that their phenological values ​​present during the evaluation period. The shallows forest shows a greater number of Sapotaceae with a total of 71 individuals grouped into 4 genera Pouteria, Manilkara, Micropholis and Ecclinusa, of which only 61 individuals and three genera: Pouteria, Manilkara, Micropholis, presented at least one reproductive phenophase. For the Quebrada and Terraza Alta forests, the genus Pouteria reached a total of 12 and 10 individuals with production respectively. Other genera such as Manilkara and Micropholis, recorded between 17 and 12 individuals with production. The genus Ecclinusa did not present production during the evaluation months. The Colina Forest and the Lower Terrace Forest did not present reproductive phenophase for this family. During the evaluation period January - August, none of the monitored species suffered changes in the foliage. It was observed that the Sapotaceae families start the reproductive period between the end of the wet season (March) and the end of the dry season (August). The highest production peaks for button and flower were recorded between March and May with phenological values ​​of up to 5 for both cases; for the green fruit the highest peak was registered in July with values ​​of up to 4 that represent 61 to 80% of the production of the phenophase under study. The production of mature fruit is below the rest of phenophase with values ​​of up to 2 as maximum.