IMPORTANCE OF EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF ANORECTAL MALFORMATION: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW

Abstract

Introduction: Anorectal malformation (ARM) is an abnormality in the fetal development of the anus and rectum, which interferes with functionality and may be associated with other anomalies, making early diagnosis essential. Objective: To investigate the importance of early diagnosis of ARM. Methodology: An integrative literature review was conducted based on a bibliographic survey using the search equation “(diagnosis) AND (anorectal) AND (malformation)” between January and April 2025. Scientific studies published in the last 5 years, in Portuguese, English or Spanish, and free of charge were included. Other reviews, letters to the editor, case reports, editorials and duplicate articles were excluded. 597 articles  were found, of which 3 were selected for the sample. Results: The relationship between MAR and other anomalies is highlighted, as well as the need for consistent methods for its evaluation, a consensus on its anatomical variants, and accurate tests to develop an appropriate treatment plan. Furthermore, epidemiological studies on MAR may find a pattern of clinical and environmental factors, such as gestational infections and maternal lifestyle habits, among patients, to enable early diagnosis. Conclusion: Based on this review, the importance of early diagnosis of ARM to prevent exacerbations and identify other anomalies is evident.