Desigualdades sociales asociadas con la letalidad por COVID-19 en la ciudad de Fortaleza, Estado de Ceará, Brasil, 2020

Resumen

Objetivo: Analisar a associação entre as desigualdades sociais e sanitárias, condições socioeconômicas, segregação espacial e letalidade por COVID-19 em Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil. Métodos: Estudo ecológico de casos confirmados e óbitos por COVID-19, tendo como unidades de análise os 119 bairros de Fortaleza.

Objective: To analyze the association between social inequalities and sanitation, socioeconomic conditions, spatial segregation and case-fatality rate (CFR) due to COVID-19 in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. Methods: Ecological study of confirmed cases and deaths due to COVID-19, in 119 neighborhoods in Fortaleza as units of analysis. We calculated the indicators of incidence, mortality and apparent CFR of COVID-19, between January 1 to June 8, 2020. The socioeconomic indicators were extracted from the Demographic Census of Brazil, 2010. Spatial analysis was performed and Moran´s Global and Local index were calculated. Results: We found 22,830 confirmed cases, 2,333 deaths and an apparent lethality of 12.7 (95%CI 11.6;13.9). We observed significant spatial autocorrelations for apparent CFR (I=0.35) and extreme poverty (I=0.51) that overlap in several neighborhoods in the city. Conclusion: Apparent CFR due to COVID-19 is associated with worse socioeconomic and sanitary conditions, demonstrating the relationship between social inequalities and health outcomes in times of pandemic.