TEACHING PRACTICES IN THE XXI CENTURY: TEACHERS' PERCEPTION

Abstract

Study to know, characterize, and define the pedagogical practices identified in primary school teachers due to the changes produced by the COVID-19 pandemic, technological advances, and the presence of humanistic educational models. The research carried out as a source of this article was based on the interpretive paradigm and phenomenological design, with the support of semantic networks and interviews with 65 teachers from various municipalities of Chihuahua, Mexico. The results found practices focused on learning achievement, use of didactic sequences, and fragmentation of knowledge by subject; technological resources are absent; students' prior knowledge regarding the contents and adjustments for academic achievement and not for comprehensive development are considered. The evaluation is formative and focused on the cognitive. It is concluded that there is a lack of change in the meanings and actions of the teachers. They perceive their function and actions to achieve academic learning; it contrasts with the current educational models, which focus on the student and their integral development. It evidences a challenge for the teacher educational system that, despite the reforms and training, has not strengthened a system of knowledge and beliefs oriented towards a more constructivist and less instructive practice.