Uma análise sobre a estrutura de competição dos setores de acordo com a intensidade tecnológica

Danielle Evelyn de Carvalho; Fernanda Aparecida Silva

doi:10.1590/0103-6351/6928

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Danielle Evelyn de Carvalho Centro de Desenvolvimento e Planejamento Regional, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7355-0754
Fernanda Aparecida Silva Departamento de Economia Rural, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brasil

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-6351/6928

Keywords:

revealed comparative advantage, competitiveness, quality of exports, price of products

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to emphasize the importance of competition structures in different sectors according to technological intensity, following the important theories of Melitz (2003) and Baldwin and Harrigan (2011). Using data from the 70 main exporters and importers, we estimated the relationship between comparative advantage and the quality/price of products sold through cross-sections between 2008 and 2017. We found evidence that countries that exhibit comparative advantage over products with higher technological content are able to transform this advantage into technological and productive advancement in order to increase the quality of their products. On the other hand, the evidence points out that countries that exhibit comparative advantage over products with lower technological content invest in productive improvement in order to reduce their marginal costs and, therefore, compete in the international market through lower prices.