Evaluating an integrated digital and green technology system for sustainable soybean production in the Huang-Huai-Hai Region, China

Abstract

China’s soybean industry currently faces significant challenges, including low cultivation efficiency and environmental degradation caused by traditional, uniform farming practices. To address these issues, this study systematically evaluated the application of an Integrated Digital and Green Technology (IDGT) system—incorporating unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) multispectral remote sensing, novel controlled-release fertilizers, and soil amelioration techniques—on soybean production in the Huang-Huai-Hai region. Field experiments were conducted to compare the IDGT system with Traditional Conventional Practice (TCP). The results demonstrated that the IDGT system significantly improved soil physicochemical properties, rapidly restoring soil pH to an optimal 6.8 and increasing soil organic matter by 28.3% compared to TCP. Additionally, UAV-based precision variable-rate spraying reduced pesticide application by 33.3% while maintaining a high aphid mortality rate of 88.5%. Agronomically, the IDGT system enhanced crop vigor, drastically reduced root disease and lodging rates, and ultimately achieved an 18.6% increase in soybean grain yield. In conclusion, the integration of digital and green technologies provides substantial agronomic and environmental benefits, offering a highly effective and sustainable path for modernizing soybean production.
Key words: soybean production, digital agriculture, UAV remote sensing, Soil amelioration, precision pest control.