Impact of pineapple monoculture on the preservation of fruit species native to the Caatinga and the environmental perception of farmers and public agents in Itaberaba/BA

Abstract

The article addresses the relevance of native fruit species in the Caatinga ecosystem and their interaction with socio-environmental dynamics in Itaberaba, Bahia. The region is notable for fruits such as ouricuri, umbu, wild passion fruit, and jabuticaba, which have high nutritional value, benefiting both the human population and local fauna, especially during water scarcity periods. Ouricuri is vital for community subsistence, while other species generate income and recover degraded areas, strengthening ecosystem services. However, pineapple monoculture restricts the distribution of these native fruits, harming socio-environmental diversity. The article analyzes the importance of rescuing and preserving these species in the Caatinga of Itaberaba. Using a qualitative-quantitative methodology, including literature review and field research, the study assessed the impacts of pineapple monoculture on the ecosystem and local communities, as well as residents' environmental awareness. The results indicate a preference for agricultural diversification and sustainable practices to balance economic development and environmental conservation.