So, what exactly is myofascial release? An integrative review

Abstract

The term "myofascial release" is widely used in physical therapy, but without a clear definition, it is often used with different connotations between professionals and patients. This integrative second-order review analysed 13 systematic reviews from the Cochrane, PEDro and PubMed databases, selected from structured searches for descriptors related to the word myofascial. Studies show heterogeneous use of the term, applied to static and dynamic manual techniques, self-release, dry needling, exercises, and electrothermophototherapy resources. Outcomes included range of motion gain, neuromuscular modulation, reduced sensitivity, and remote effects on mobility, supported by mechanical and neurophysiological mechanisms that were not fully convergent. It is concluded that "myofascial release" functions as an umbrella label, more associated with the mechanism of restoration of neuromyofascial function than with a specific technique, and that the lack of conceptual precision limits the comparability of evidence and professional communication.