REVOLUTIONARY ACTIONS IN LATIN AMERICA: PUNO AND ALTO PERU DURING THE INDEPENDENCE PROCESS (1809 – 1825)

Abstract

At almost 200 years of republican history, it is worth recalling some events of the disputes over independence between Patriots-Peruvians and Royalists-Spanish. The article tries to describe the process of independence initiated in 1809 and consolidated in Ayacucho in 1824 under the military, political and economic relatioship between Puno and High Peru. In accordance with a qualitative approach - historiographic of documentary analysis the primary sources were traced in the Regional File of Puno (RFP) and the General File of the Nation Argentina (GFNA) complemented with the secondary sources. The results revealed that, formed the governing boards in Chuquisaca and La Paz in the face of the crisis of the Spanish monarchy, the viceroyalty government of Peru organized a military expedition with José Manuel de Goyeneche, who, with the support of the chieftains of Cusco and Azángaro settled down Upper Peru defeating the revolutionary forces before the military contingent, sent from Buenos Aires, arrived to their destination. In conclusion, these events demanded a large contingent of indigenous recruits for the royalist army that led to migrations and the demographic decline of the puneña population, host of multiple battles for autonomy and freedom.