Neuromyofascial Complex: An Integrative Proposal for Study and Intervention in Physiotherapy

Abstract

Physiotherapy in Brazil faces challenges in defining a clear object of study and intervention, which has led to a diversity of approaches rooted in reductionist views inherited from medicine. This article proposes the Neuromyofascial Complex (NMC) as an integrated functional unit, encompassing the neuromuscular and myofascial systems, which are interdependent and adaptive. The NMC is presented as a cybernetic system that can be influenced by the interactions among the physical, psychological, and social aspects of the individual, manifesting through biomechanics. The proposal aims to demonstrate how dysfunctions in the NMC generate feedback loops that perpetuate imbalances, potentially leading to pain and injury. The reverse is also true: adaptations and compensations in response to pain and injury may induce changes in the NMC. By integrating biopsychosocial and biomechanical concepts, this model offers an innovative framework for assessment and treatment, positioning physiotherapy as a science oriented toward human movement and functionality.