THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL OF AYAHUASCA AS AN INTERVENTION FOR PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Abstract

Objective: To explore the therapeutic potential of Ayahuasca as a complementary intervention in the treatment of psychiatric disorders, assessing its reported effects, the challenges for its clinical application, and considering its historical use in Amazonian traditions. Method: A systematic review of the literature was conducted using the PubMed and SciELO databases, selecting studies published between 2015 and 2025. Only clinical trials and systematic reviews addressing the therapeutic use of Ayahuasca in patients with anxiety and/or depressive disorders were included, as well as articles discussing its historical use among Amazonian indigenous traditions. The selection process followed PRISMA guidelines, including identification, screening, eligibility, and inclusion of studies. Data analysis was qualitative, focusing on therapeutic outcomes, methodologies, applied therapeutic approaches, and reported side effects. Results: The reviewed studies indicated that Ayahuasca may provide significant short-term improvements in anxiety and depression symptoms. Participants reported enhanced introspection and well-being following the sessions. However, side effects such as nausea and vomiting were observed. The methodological quality of the studies varied, with limitations including small sample sizes and lack of adequate control groups. Conclusion: Ayahuasca shows potential as a complementary intervention for treating anxiety and depression. Nonetheless, further research with rigorous methodologies and larger samples is necessary to confirm its efficacy and safety. Moreover, ethical and cultural aspects of its use must be considered, respecting Amazonian traditions and ensuring patient safety.