STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODEL FOR THE EVALUATION OF TRANSVERSAL COMPETENCIES IN SENA TECHNOLOGISTS IN BOGOTÁ

Abstract

The present study evaluates transversal competencies in the professional training programs of the National Learning Service (SENA) in Bogotá, essential for the development of creative and cultural industries. The Structural Equations Model (SEM) was applied to identify determining factors, such as curricular design, teaching quality and educational resources, that influence the development of competencies in learners. A cross-sectional descriptive approach was adopted, using a structured questionnaire directed at 220 trainees selected through stratified probability sampling. The instrument evaluated systemic, instrumental and interpersonal competencies, covering dimensions such as leadership, teamwork and problem solving. Through Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), four key dimensions were identified: motivation and performance, management and organization, teamwork and leadership. The results indicate that a dynamic curriculum, adapted to the demands of the labor market, is essential to improve educational quality. It concludes that it is necessary to integrate these competencies in training programs, promoting practical activities and the use of educational technologies. Likewise, the importance of continuous training of teaching staff is highlighted to ensure that instructors implement pedagogical strategies that encourage the development of transversal competencies. Strengthening these skills improves the educational quality of SENA, and increases the employability of graduates, preparing them for a competitive and constantly evolving labor market.