Perceptions of health services of people with eating disorders in the city of Bogotá in 2023

Abstract

Objective: This study explored perceptions of health services in people with eating disorders in Bogotá, 2023, to identify key barriers and experiences in care. Methods: A qualitative interpretivist and constructivist approach was used, with theoretical sampling and maximum variability strategy. The sample was obtained through snowball sampling, conducting two focus groups and two in-depth interviews with patients and family members. Data were analyzed using thematic coding until saturation. Results: Four main analysis categories were identified based on diagnosis, perceptions, type of service, and payment. Negative perceptions predominated due to the stigma associated with the diagnosis and the lack of empathy from healthcare staff. Patients felt their food preferences were misinterpreted as symptoms, leading to misunderstanding. Economic barriers limited access, forcing many to seek private services perceived as higher quality, but costly. Delays and difficulties in multidisciplinary care were also mentioned. Discussion: Three emerging categories were identified: expectations, disease modifiers, and the impact of digital media, which acts as a "third party" in the doctor-patient relationship, providing both information and misinformation, influencing self-diagnosis. Conclusion: Improving healthcare staff empathy and removing administrative barriers are essential to enhancing treatment adherence.