Preprint / Version 1

Biological, social, and healthcare factors associated with death due to influenza A(H1N1) during the 2009 epidemic in Brazil

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DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.6696

Keywords:

influenza a virus, h1n1 subtype, Disease outbreak, risk factors, case-control studies

Abstract

Background: In June 2009, the World Health Organization (WHO) raised the global alert level for the A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza pandemic and at that time sustained transmission in Brazil was established. It was urgent to carry out studies that evaluated possible risk factors for death from Influenza A(H1N1) to improve case management strategies to reduce the lethality of the disease. This study aimed to identify risk factors for death from Influenza A(H1N1), including the effectiveness of the vaccine against influenza A(H1N1) concerning mortality. Methods: A case-control of incident cases of influenza A(H1N1) reported in the Epidemiological Information Systems of the states of São Paulo, Paraná, Pará, Amazonas, and Rio Grande do Sul was conducted. Results: 305 participants were included, 70 of them cases and 235 controls, distributed as follows: Amazonas – 9 cases/10 controls, Pará – 22 cases/77 controls, São Paulo – 19 cases/49 controls, Paraná – 10 cases/54 controls, Rio Grande do Sul – 10 cases/45 controls. These participants had a mean age of 30 years, with 33 years among cases and 25 years among controls. There was a predominance of females both among cases and controls. Biological (age), pre-existing diseases (congestive heart failure, respiratory disease, and diabetes mellitus), and care factors (ICU admission) associated with death from Influenza A(H1N1) were identified. Conclusion: The risk factors identified in this investigation allowed subsidizing the elaboration of clinical conducts, but also indicate important aspects for facing “new” influenza epidemics that are likely to occur in our country.

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Author Biographies

Jose Ueleres Braga, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation

  1. Instituto de Medicina Social Hesio Cordeiro / UERJ, Departamento de Epidemiologia. Rio de Janeiro – RJ. Brasil
  2. Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca / FIOCRUZ, Departamento de Epidemiologia de doenças infecciosas. Rio de Janeiro – RJ. Brasil.

Ana Freitas Ribeiro, Universidade Municipal de São Caetano do Sul

Instituto de Infectologia Emílio Ribas - Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de São Paulo - São Paulo – SP. Universidade Municipal de São Caetano do Sul - Faculdade de Medicina - São Paulo - SP

Posted

09/15/2023

How to Cite

Braga, J. U., & Ribeiro, A. F. (2023). Biological, social, and healthcare factors associated with death due to influenza A(H1N1) during the 2009 epidemic in Brazil. In SciELO Preprints. https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.6696

Section

Health Sciences

Plaudit

Funding data

Data statement

  • The research data cannot be made publicly available

    • The research data are under the responsibility of the researcher who guaranteed that the secrecy and confidentiality indicated in the approval of the research ethics committee will be respected.