Adaptive potential of Melocactus violaceus Pfeiff (Cactaceae) to clay soils

Abstract

Climate changes have the potential to increase sea level and to destroy habitats from coast lines. This process increases the risk of local extinction to species that naturally occur only in white-sand soils of restinga and imposes urgency to understand whether they present plasticity to occupy different soils habitats. Melocactus violaceus Pfeiff (Cactaceae) is an endangered species from restinga with restricted occurrence to whitesand soils. In this paper, we measure the growth of seedlings of M. violaceus under whitesand soil, white-sand clay, and clay soils to evaluate the environmental plasticity of this species. Seedlings of M. violaceus grew best in sand soils. However, they present plasticity to adapt to clay soils. Our results have practical potential for the species conservation and add evidence that the Cactaceae family can be incorporated into the trade-off hypothesis of sand-white soils specialists.