Adoção dos comportamentos saudáveis e recomendações recebidas nos atendimentos de saúde entre hipertensos e diabéticos no Brasil, 2019

Célia Landmann Szwarcwald; Paulo Roberto Borges de Souza Júnior; Giseli Nogueira Damacena; Sheila Rizzato Stopa; Marilisa Berti de Azevedo Barros; Deborah Carvalho Malta

doi:10.1590/1980-549720210017.supl.2

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Célia Landmann Szwarcwald Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde, Av. Brasil, 4635 - Pavilhão Haity Moussatché - Manguinhos - Rio de Janeiro/RJ https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7798-2095
Paulo Roberto Borges de Souza Júnior Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde, Av. Brasil, 4635 - Pavilhão Haity Moussatché - Manguinhos - Rio de Janeiro/RJ
Giseli Nogueira Damacena Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde, Av. Brasil, 4635 - Pavilhão Haity Moussatché - Manguinhos - Rio de Janeiro/RJ
Sheila Rizzato Stopa Departamento de Análise em Saúde e Vigilância de Doenças Não Transmissíveis, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde – Brasília/DF
Marilisa Berti de Azevedo Barros UNICAMP, Departamento de Saúde Coletiva, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126 – Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas-SP
Deborah Carvalho Malta Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Enfermagem, Departamento de Enfermagem Materno-Infantil e Saúde Pública, Av. Alfredo Balena, 190 Santa Efigênia, Belo Horizonte/MG

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720210017.supl.2

Keywords:

healthy lifestyles, health promotion, health care, aging, quality of life, Brazil

Abstract

Objective: To estimate prevalence of healthy behaviors among individuals aged 30 years or over diagnosed with arterial hypertension (AH) and diabetes mellitus (DM) using information from the National Health Survey, 2019.

Methods: Cross-sectional study with cluster sampling and simple random sampling in three stages. Individuals were aggregated according to have AH; AH only; DM; DM only; AH and DM only; without chronic non-communicable disease (NCD). Poisson regression models and crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) for sex, age group, and educational level were used. The proportions of recommendations received among AH and DM patients were estimated by type of care (public/private).

Results: A total of 69285 individuals aged 30 years or older was analyzed. Compared to individuals without NCD, prevalence of consumption of fruits and vegetables ≥5 days a week was significantly higher among AH individuals (39.9%; 95%CI 38.8-41.0%) and DM individuals (42.8%; 95%CI 40.7-44.9%). However, estimates of not having consumed ultra-processed food were low, 19.7% (95%CI 18.9-20.6%) and 21.9% (95%CI:20, 3-23.5%), respectively. Prevalence of not smoking reached values close to 90% and significant PRs, while the practice of physical activity had levels below 30% and non-significant PRs. The proportions of healthy eating recommendations reached 90% but were close to 70% for not smoking.

Conclusions: It is necessary to encourage the practice of healthy lifestyles and provide information about the benefits of physical activity and the harmful effects of unhealthy eating for well-being and aging with quality