Prevalência de exposição à violência entre adultos – Brasil, 2019

Márcio Dênis Medeiros Mascarenhas; Ariel de Sousa Melo; Malvina Thais Pacheco Rodrigues; Camila Alves Bahia; Cheila Marina Lima; Rafael Bello Corassa; Fabiana Martins Dias de Andrade; Deborah Carvalho Malta

doi:10.1590/1980-549720210019.supl.2

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Márcio Dênis Medeiros Mascarenhas Universidade Federal do Piauí, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde e Comunidade https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5064-2763
Ariel de Sousa Melo Universidade Federal do Piauí (UFPI), Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde e Comunidade, Teresina, PI, Brasil
Malvina Thais Pacheco Rodrigues Universidade Federal do Piauí (UFPI), Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde e Comunidade, Teresina, PI, Brasil
Camila Alves Bahia Ministério da Saúde, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Departamento de Análise em Saúde e Vigilância de Doenças não Transmissíveis, Brasília, DF, Brasil
Cheila Marina Lima Ministério da Saúde, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Departamento de Análise em Saúde e Vigilância de Doenças não Transmissíveis, Brasília, DF, Brasil
Rafael Bello Corassa Ministério da Saúde, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Departamento de Análise em Saúde e Vigilância de Doenças não Transmissíveis, Brasília, DF, Brasil
Fabiana Martins Dias de Andrade Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
Deborah Carvalho Malta Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720210019.supl.2

Keywords:

Violence, Domestic violence, Intimate partner violence, Health impact, Epidemiological surveys, Cross-sectional studies

Abstract

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of exposure to violence, characterizing its magnitude, types and occurrence in the adult population in Brazil. Methods: Cross-sectional study with data from the National Health Survey conducted in 2019. The prevalence of violence in the last 12 months and respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were estimated according to sociodemographic variables. Crude prevalence ratios (cPR) were estimated by Poisson regression. Results: The prevalence of exposure to violence among adults in Brazil was 18.3% (95%CI 17.8;18.8) , with a significantly higher frequency among women (19.4%; 95%CI 18.7;20.0), in the 18-29 age group (27.0%; 95%CI 25.7;28.4), in self-declared black people (20.6%; 95%CI 19.3;221.9) and mixed race (19.3%; 95%CI 18.6;20.1) and among inhabitants of the Northeast region (18.7%; 95%CI 18.0;19.5). Among the victims of violence, 15.6% (95%CI 14.2;17.0) sought health care, of which (91.2%; 95%CI 88.1;93.6) were attended. The most reported types of violence were: psychological (17.4%; 95%CI 16.9;17.9), physical (4.1%; 95%CI 3.9;4.4) and sexual (0.8%; 95%CI 0.7;0.9). Men were more exposed to violence with the use of firearms or sharp targets, while women were the predominant victims for all other types and mechanisms of violence. The aggressor most cited was the intimate partner, the most frequent place of occurrence of violence being the residence and public streets/places. Conclusion: In Brazil, violence affected one in five adults. Women, young people and people with black skin were the population segments most exposed to violence, which should be a priority in prevention actions.