Características clínicas, radiológicas y de laboratorio en niños con diagnóstico de COVID-19: Metaanálisis de proporción única

Santiago Vasco-Morales; Cristhian Santiago Vasco-Toapanta; Paola Toapanta-Pinta

doi:10.1590/SciELOPreprints.278

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Santiago Vasco-Morales Doctor en Medicina General y Cirugía. Especialista en Pediatría. Docente, Carrera de Obstetricia, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador. Doctorando, Facultad de Medicina de Riberāo-Preto, Universidad de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1370-9700
Cristhian Santiago Vasco-Toapanta Estudiante, Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2874-9836
Paola Toapanta-Pinta Doctora en Medicina General y Cirugía. Especialista en Medicina Familiar. Docente, Carrera de Obstetricia, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador. Doctorando, Facultad de Medicina de Riberāo-Preto, Universidad de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.278

Keywords:

children, COVID-19, meta-analysis, diagnosis

Abstract

Objective: To summarize the best available evidence about the frequency of presentation of: signs, symptoms, main laboratory tests and, radiological alterations in patients younger than 19 years with a diagnosis of COVID-19.

Method: By searching PubMed, Scopus and academic Google, data from studies where present clinical, laboratory and radiological characteristics were collected to perform single-proportion meta-analyzes.

Results: 11 studies were found, including a total of 1180 patients. The meta-analysis showed a greater incidence of the male sex 0.56 (95% CI; 0.51: 0.61), asymptomatic patients 0.15 (95% CI; 0.09: 0.22), mild and very mild infections 0.44 (95% CI; 0.25: 0.63) , moderate infections 0.44 (95% CI; 0.38: 0.45), incidence of fever 0.56 (95% CI; 0.48: 0.65), cough 0.46 (95% CI; 0.39: 0.53), pharyngitis 0.18 (95% CI; 0.03: 0.39 ), laboratory tests showed a higher incidence of leukopenia 0.33 (95% CI; 0.25: 0.42), C-reactive Protein 0.19 (95% CI; 0.15: 0.24), patients with radiological alteration 0.68 (95% CI; 0.56: 0.79), severe patients n = 5 and deceased n = 1.

Conclusions: The presence of radiological abnormalities is more frequent than the clinical signs of cough and fever, which are the most common symptoms. On the blood count: leukopenia is more frequent. There is a trend of greater incidence in the male sex. This meta-analysis will serve as a basis for future comparisons of the similarities or differences that may occur now that the pandemic is in America. It also has limitations so the results must be contrasted, with controlled prospective studies, with a greater number of patients and a stricter design.