Dynamics of cardiac autonomic regulation during isometric sustained weight test in hypertensive patients

Miguel Enrique Sanchez-Hechavarria; Laritza Ortiz-Alcolea; Michel  Torres-Leyva; Ramón Carrazana-Escalona; Erislandis López-Galán; Felipe Antonio Albarrán-Torres; Gustavo Alejandro Muñoz-Bustos; Nicolas Armando  Saa-Muñoz; Ileana Cutiño-Clavel

doi:10.1590/SciELOPreprints.2265

article.authors6a1c65a48c27c

Miguel Enrique Sanchez-Hechavarria Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9461-203X
Laritza Ortiz-Alcolea Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Santiago de Cuba.
Michel Torres-Leyva Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Santiago de Cuba https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7729-9715
Ramón Carrazana-Escalona Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Santiago de Cuba.
Erislandis López-Galán Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Santiago de Cuba.
Felipe Antonio Albarrán-Torres Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción. Departamento de Ciencias Básicas y Morfología, Facultad de Medicina, Concepción, Chile
Gustavo Alejandro Muñoz-Bustos Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Las Américas, Concepción, Chile
Nicolas Armando Saa-Muñoz Centro de Simulación, Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas y Preclínicas, Facultad de Medicina. Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción - Chile https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4407-950X
Ileana Cutiño-Clavel Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Santiago de Cuba.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.2265

Palavras-chave:

Hypertension, Sustained Weight Test, Heart Rate Variability, Continuous Wavelet Transform Morlet-type

Resumo

Background: The Sustained Weight Test (SWT) is an isometric exercise test that has great practical value for carrying out massive studies on hypertension, however, is insufficient knowledge of the dynamics of cardiac autonomic regulation during this test. The aim of this study was to determine variations in the dynamics of cardiac autonomic regulation and in hemodynamic response during SWT in hypertensive subjects.

Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted on 15 hypertensive patients of both sexes, paired with 30 normotensive individuals, measuring arterial blood pressure, entropy sample and the Heart Rate Variability (HRV) in time-frequency with the Continuous Wavelet Transform Morlet-type (CWT morlet) through the electrocardiographic signal of the polygraph AD Instruments in the functional states of Rest and SWT.

Results: A significant increase in heart rate and blood pressure was found, as well as a decrease in sample entropy in the functional states of normotensive and hypertensive patients. In hypertensive patients, an early response pattern increased with multiple fluctuations during SWT in the time-frequency analysis of HRV with the CWT morlet.

Conclusions: SWT produces an increase in blood pressure, which is more frequent and evident in hypertensive subjects. Cardiac autonomic regulation during SWT increases the sympathetic and decreases the parasympathetic components, manifesting itself in hypertensive patients with a pattern of imbalance in the regulation of both sympathetic and parasympathetic response.